Lameness Exam

The goal of the lameness exam is to diagnose the problem and tailor a treatment protocol to address the issue.  The first step of this process is visual inspection of the horse for any abnormalities, along with a thorough hands on exam from the hooves up, and from nose to tail.  The hooves are tested with pressure by hoof testers.  Palpation of musculoskeletal structures and flexion of joints are performed to assess  for any pain responses, indicating a problem area.  Then, the horse will be observed in motion, in hand and under saddle.  It is helpful to observe the horse on a flat hard surface, such as an asphalt drive way, as well as other softer footing types, like grass fields and dirt and synthetic ring footings.  The final piece of the exam may incorporate the rider's added weight to observe the horse in modified work or as it normally performs.  

Once an area of concern has been noted, nerve blocks may be performed.  This is a technique where small volumes of anesthetic are injected in locations that block nerve transmission (temporarily freeze) of pain feelings.  This isolates the exact location of lameness issue.  

Once the are of concern is identified, diagnostic imaging is then used to examine the anatomical structure(s) that is injured.  Digital x-ray is able to image bone, whereas digital ultrasound techniques image soft tissues such as tendon, ligament, and muscle.  Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging are also other imaging modalities used to target the diagnosis.    

Depending on the outcome of all aspects of the exam, a targeted treatment protocol will then be designed.  Treatments can range from rest, cold therapy, oral topical and injectable medications, regenerative therapy and complementary alternative therapies targeted to the problem.